Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome

The sequence of the human genome encodes the genetic instructions for human physiology, as well as rich information about human evolution. In 2001, the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium reported a draft sequence of the euchromatic portion of the human genome. Since then, the international collaboration has worked to convert this draft into a genome sequence with high accuracy and nearly complete coverage. Here, we report the result of this finishing process. The current genome sequence (Build 35) contains 2.85 billion nucleotides interrupted by only 341 gaps. It covers ∼99% of the euchromatic genome and is accurate to an error rate of ∼1 event per 100,000 bases. Many of the remaining euchromatic gaps are associated with segmental duplications and will require focused work with new methods. The near-complete sequence, the first for a vertebrate, greatly improves the precision of biological analyses of the human genome including studies of gene number, birth and death. Notably, the human enome seems to encode only 20,000-25,000 protein-coding genes. The genome sequence reported here should serve as a firm foundation for biomedical research in the decades ahead

On the Asymptotic Behavior and Parameter Estimation of a Double-Sided LCC-Compensated Wireless Power Transfer System

This study investigates the statistic behavior and parameter estimation problems of a double-sided, LCC-compensated, wireless power transfer system. Based on the commonly used wireless charging circuit model, this study proposes a five-step parameter estimation method, which is applicable to automotive static wireless charging systems. The eight parameters in the circuit model of this study are the most important key components of the wireless charging system. The study also found that, under certain conditions, the statistic mode of wireless charging systems has a specific distribution. However, the current status of these eight components for wireless charging of electric vehicles will have complex parameter drift problems. These drift problems will deteriorate the performance of the vehicle power systems. This study probes these factors and proposes some related mathematical theories. The noted factors can be applied to the analysis of the wireless charging system and provide alternative solutions to explain the deteriorations from coil misalignments. Both simulations and experiments are given to show the evaluated issues of the proposed study

Dynamic motion stabilization for front-wheel drive in-wheel motor electric vehicles

This article presents a new dynamic motion stabilization approach to front-wheel drive in-wheel motor electric vehicles. The approach includes functions such as traction control system, electronic differential system, and electronic stability control. The presented electric vehicle was endowed with anti-skid performance in longitudinal accelerated start; smooth turning with less tire scrubbing; and safe driving experience in two-dimensional steering. The analysis of the presented system is given in numerical derivations. For practical verifications, this article employed a hands-on electric vehicle named Corsa-electric vehicle to carry out the tests. The presented approach contains an integrated scheme which can achieve the mentioned functions in a single microprocessor. The experimental results demonstrated the effectiveness and feasibility of the presented methodology